| 鯨類是一種生活在水中的哺乳動物,他具有和陸上哺乳動物相同的生理特徵,例如用肺呼吸、胎生等,更具備了一些為適應水生環境所演化出的特殊生理構造。鬚鯨亞目主要的形態特徵是沒有牙齒,但是有具大的鯨鬚,可用來篩選浮游生物,所以為濾食性。齒鯨亞目的主要特徵為有牙齒,掠食性,且牙齒的數目與排列方式受到食性的影響會有不同,全世界現存有13科約79種。以下為詳細的分類地位: | | 動物界(kingdom Animal) | | 脊索動物門(phylum Chordata) | | 哺乳綱(class Mammalia) | | 鯨目(order Cetacea | | 鬚鯨亞目(suborder Mysticeti , blaleen whales) | | 齒鯨亞目(suborder Odontoceti , toothed whales) | | | | 台灣有6科32種 | | 科名(Family) | 學名(Scientific Name) | 英文名稱(English Name) | 中文名(Chinese Name) | Balaenopteridae 鬚鯨科 | | | Balaenoptera musculus | Blue whale | 藍鯨 | | | Balaenoptera physalus | Fin whale | 長鬚鯨 | | | Balaenoptera borealis | Sei whale | 塞鯨 | | | Balaenoptera edeni | Bryde's whale | 布氏鯨 | | | Balaenoptera acutorostrata | Minke whale | 小鬚鯨 | | | Megaptera novaengliae | Humpback whale | 大翅鯨 | | | Balaenoptera omurai | | 大村鯨 | Eschrichtiidae 灰鯨科 | | | Eschrichtius robustus | Gray whale | 灰鯨 | Physeteridae 抹香鯨科 | | | Physeter macrocephalus | Sperm whale | 抹香鯨 | Kogiidae 小抹香鯨科 | | | Kogia breviceps | Pygmy sperm whale | 小抹香鯨 | | | Kogia simus | Dwarf sperm whale | 侏儒抹香鯨 | Ziphiidae 喙鯨科 | | | Ziphius cavirostris | Curier's beaked whale | 柯氏喙鯨 | | | Mesoplodon densirostris | Blainville's beaked whale | 柏氏中喙鯨 | | | Mesoplodon ginkgodens | Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale | 銀杏齒中喙鯨 | | | Indopacetus pacificus | Longman’s beaked whale | 朗氏喙鯨 | Delphinidae 海豚科 | | | Globicephala macrorhynchus | Short-finned pilot whale | 短肢領航鯨 | | | Peponocephala electra | Melon-headed whale | 瓜頭鯨 | | | Feresa attenuata | Pygmy killer whale | 小虎鯨 | | | Pseudorca crassidens | False killer whale | 偽虎鯨 | | | Orcinus orca | Killer whale | 虎鯨 | | | Steno bredanensis | Rough-toothed dolphin | 糙齒海豚 | | | Lagenodelphis hosei | Fraser's dolphin | 弗氏海豚 | | | Delphinus capensis | Long-beaked common dolphin | 長吻真海豚 | | | Tursiops truncatus | Common bottlenose dolphin | 瓶鼻海豚 | | | Tursiops aduncus | Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin | 印太瓶鼻海豚 | | | Grampus griseus | Risso's dolphin | 瑞氏海豚 | | | Stenella attenuata | Pantropical spotted dolphin | 熱帶斑海豚 | | | Stenella coeruleoalba | Striped dolphin | 條紋海豚 | | | Stenella longirostris | Spinner dolphin | 長吻飛旋海豚 | | | Sousa chinensis | Indo-Pacific humpbacked dolphin | 中華白海豚 | Phocoenidae 鼠海豚科 | | | Neophocaena phocaenoides | Finless porpoise | 江豚(露脊鼠海豚) |
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最後更新 ( 2008/04/23, Wednesday )
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